Prepare the Yeast Mixture: In the bowl of a stand mixer fitted, combine the yeast and sugar.
2 tsp. instant yeast, 2 Tbsp. granulated sugar
Warm the Milk: In a microwave-safe bowl or measuring cup, heat the milk for about 1 minute, or until warm (115–120°F / 46–49°C). Use a thermometer to avoid overheating.
1 cup whole milk
Activate the Yeast: Pour the warm milk over the yeast and sugar. Whisk gently to combine, then cover loosely with a clean kitchen towel. Allow to sit for 5-10 minutes or until the mixture is frothy.
Add Remaining Ingredients: Add the melted butter, egg, salt, garlic powder, and rosemary to the yeast mixture.
4 Tbsp. unsalted butter, 1 large egg, 1 tsp. salt, 1 tsp. garlic powder, 1 ½ Tbsp. fresh rosemary
Mix and Knead the Dough: Add 1 cup of bread flour and mix on low speed. Gradually add the remaining flour, then increase to medium-low speed and knead for ~6 minutes, until the dough is smooth. The dough should be slightly tacky but not overly sticky; if needed, add extra flour 1 tablespoon at a time.
3 - 3 ½ cups bread flour
First Rise: Transfer the dough to a lightly greased bowl (nonstick spray works well). Cover with plastic wrap or aluminum foil and let rise in a warm, draft-free space until doubled in size, about 60-90 minutes.
Shape the Rolls: Punch down the dough to release air. Divide into 14 equal portions for large rolls or ~22 portions for smaller rolls. To shape, pinch the dough at the bottom and gently roll under your palm on a clean surface until smooth.
Second Rise: Arrange rolls evenly in the cast iron (or pan of choice - see notes section below for other options). Cover the pan with plastic wrap or foil and let rise in a warm environment until puffy, 30-45 minutes.
Bake the Rolls: Preheat the oven to 350°F (177°C). Brush the rolls with the egg wash and bake for 20-25 minutes, or until golden brown and cooked through.
1 large egg
Finish and Serve: Melt the butter and combine with the rosemary, parsley, and garlic powder. Immediately brush the hot rolls with the melted butter and herb mixture, then sprinkle with flaky sea salt. Serve warm.
2 Tbsp. unsalted butter, 2 tsp. fresh rosemary, 2 tsp. fresh parsley, pinch garlic powder, flaky sea salt